Complete Dog Health Guide

Healthy adult dogs (ages 1-7) should visit the vet annually for wellness exams. Senior dogs (7+ years) benefit from twice-yearly checkups as age-related conditions become more common. Puppies need visits every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks old for vaccinations and developmental monitoring. Any dog showing signs of illness, injury, or behavior changes should be seen promptly regardless of their regular schedule.

Key warning signs include: changes in appetite or water consumption (increased or decreased), lethargy or unusual tiredness, vomiting or diarrhea lasting more than 24 hours, difficulty breathing or persistent coughing, limping or reluctance to move, changes in urination habits, unexplained weight loss or gain, and behavioral changes like hiding or unusual aggression. Trust your instincts - you know your dog best, and subtle changes often indicate health issues.

Yes, dental care is essential. By age 3, most dogs have some degree of dental disease. Untreated dental problems cause pain, tooth loss, and can lead to serious infections that spread to the heart, kidneys, and liver. Daily brushing with dog-safe toothpaste is ideal. At minimum, provide dental chews, regular professional cleanings as recommended by your vet, and monitor for signs of dental disease like bad breath, red gums, or difficulty eating.

Pet insurance can provide peace of mind and financial protection against unexpected veterinary costs. A single emergency can cost $3,000-$10,000+. Insurance works best when purchased while your dog is young and healthy, before pre-existing conditions develop. Consider your dog's breed (some have higher health risks), your financial situation, and your risk tolerance. Compare plans carefully - coverage varies significantly between providers.

Core vaccines recommended for all dogs include rabies (required by law in most areas), distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus/hepatitis. Non-core vaccines depend on your dog's lifestyle and include bordetella (kennel cough), leptospirosis, Lyme disease, and canine influenza. Your vet will recommend a schedule based on your dog's age, health, and exposure risks. Adult dogs typically need boosters every 1-3 years depending on the vaccine.

A healthy dog has a visible waist when viewed from above, an abdominal tuck when viewed from the side, and ribs that are easily felt but not prominently visible. If you can't feel the ribs without pressing hard, can't see a waist, or notice a rounded belly with no tuck, your dog is likely overweight. Obesity increases risk of diabetes, joint disease, respiratory problems, and reduces lifespan. Consult your vet for a weight management plan.